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Paul Baruya

Director Strategy & Sustainability FutureCoal

Paul Baruya is Director of Strategy and Sustainability at FutureCoal. Since joining in 2022, he has led work on the role of advanced coal technologies in a carbon-neutral future and the strategic importance of coal in developing economies. Paul’s expertise spans energy-system modelling and market analysis. He has built long-term global electricity forecasts from the perspectives of coal, gas, renewables, and nuclear; analysed European gas trade and pricing; and assessed international coal trade dynamics. His technical work also includes modelling energy use and emissions across power generation, steel, cement, and transport sectors. He started his career at the econometric consultancy IHS Global Insight (now IHS Markit), where he worked on long-term forecasting of demand and supply in global power, coal, and gas markets, as well as CO2 and price modelling for European pipeline gas and LNG, road transport, steel, and cement. He later worked at the former AEA Technology (now Ricardo), one of the UK’s most prominent environmental consultancies. Paul helped design the New Entrant Reserve for the UK’s early-2000s CO₂ trading scheme. He contributed to programmes on end-user energy efficiency in buildings and consumer products, as well as to modelling frameworks for renewable energy support and certificate mechanisms. ​Just before FutureCoal, Paul served as a senior analyst at the International Centre for Sustainable Carbon, an IEA Technology Collaboration Programme, where he studied mining cost structures, coal–gas competition in Asia, energy trends in Africa, and global biomass resources. Paul holds an MSc in Environmental Technology and Energy Policy from Imperial College London. 


2026 Agenda Sessions

Why is coal not considered a critical mineral?

As the global conversation around critical minerals intensifies, driven by the energy transition, digitalisation, and geopolitical shifts, coal remains notably absent from most critical mineral lists. However, coal is vital to Africa’s development as a continent and is needed to generate energy in areas of the world that hold many critical mineral deposits. Does this not make it critical to the energy transition?

Tuesday 10 February 10:15 - 11:00 Ngorongoro Crater Stage (CTICC1 - Level 2)

Add to calendar 02/10/2026 10:15 02/10/2026 11:00 Why is coal not considered a critical mineral?

As the global conversation around critical minerals intensifies, driven by the energy transition, digitalisation, and geopolitical shifts, coal remains notably absent from most critical mineral lists. However, coal is vital to Africa’s development as a continent and is needed to generate energy in areas of the world that hold many critical mineral deposits. Does this not make it critical to the energy transition?

Ngorongoro Crater Stage (CTICC1 - Level 2) Africa/Johannesburg